It certainly is a confusing topic you set out here Raptor. I think it's because you want to basically take tactics, weapon capabilities, strategies, and doctrines all into one?
Anyway, alyster made a good attempt here.
I think the best doctrine and/or strategies is the one that best fits your needs what Alyster explained, and then come the weapons, and then the tactics, and finally training.
But let's say your strategy is clear and basic, fight the enemy on the battlefield, both attacking. Then we can say weapons range is very important. Whether it's the spear, pike, longbow, rifle, rocket, cruise missiles, BVR, or intercontinental nuclear missiles, obviously they outperformed their enemies thanks to their superior range. Maybe even more important than fire power.
If you need to deploy more advanced strategies, because of terrain, of defensive enemy, then also the mobility of the 'weapon system' is important, e.g. expeditionary armies, paratroopers, motorized/mechanized infantry, strategic bombers, etc. Mobility depends on weight, and determines speed and range. I'm not sure how one would say they are all connected, but it's always a trade off, whether it's troops that need to carry water, food, weapons, etc. or an aircraft with fuel and weapons.
It's just two things that popped into my mind as important factors. Again, the topic is so unstructured/broad from the outset, that it's confusing. It's a bit like asking: you have different fruits Apples, Bananas, Oranges, all fruit, they need to fit in the fruit basket. There are different fruit baskets, different colors, different sizes and shapes. Now which is the best one?
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