No, no other country operates the Prowler or Growler.
Yes, other countries use electronic warfare attack aircraft. Often not as dedicated a type as the Prowler though. Tornado ECR (Italy, Germany) and Su-24MP (USSR/Russia/Ukraine/Belarus) are the ones that come to my mind immediately, and the RAF did have some Tornado F.3 armed with ALARM because it already has a powerful Emitter Locator System. Active jamming by non-US countries is often reserved to some larger platforms or by slapping on some jammers on your usual suspects, and they do the limited amount of SEAD too. Having a dedicated platform that can do both EW and SEAD is unsustainable for most countries.
Yes, actually the two conflicts over Former Yugoslavia already proved that EW and SEAD capabilities of non-US participants was lacking, and the Tornado ECR was in high demand both in Bosnia as Kosovo campaigns. Although the EF-111 proved vital in providing EW cover for the F-111 in the first Gulf War, it was the high cost of the type that lead the USAF to retire it. The recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan proved even more demanding on these assets, esp. for the EA-6B, shared by the USAF and USN, as they are vital to jamming various signals including mobile to protect convoys from IED devices triggered by mobile phones. The SEAD capability has been largely expanded by having F-16s equipped with better radars and AGM-88s, but the suppression or destruction of enemy defenses was not neccessary to the same extent as in the earlier campaigns. But without them, the Iraqi's would have been far more likely to turn on their radars and try hitting some aircraft (Saddam promised the crews pretty good bonuses if they were to be succesful). So Iraq showed the neccessity of EW/Jamming platforms (also the bigger ones have been in high demand) and usefulness of the EA-6B, but the attack capability for SEAD/DEAD has been somewhat pushed to the background. In Afghanistan, same thing, and even more so for the SEAD/DEAD task as the only/most promiment threat in Afghanistan are IR-guided shoulder-launched air-to-air missiles, hence the focus on equipping everything with sophisticated threat sensors and flares. Should however in future (god forbid) the enemy be Iran, China, North Korea, Russia, Venezuela, or other countries equipped with more sophisticated air defences, then you can expect the focus to turn to these attackers again. However in the US, with stealth, don't expect huge investment, because the theory is all threats can be destroyed by undetected stealth platforms, so no need to jam or surpress them. But apparently, the US still sees need for a dedicated platform, the Growler, which is understandable if you see how long before the USN has their stealth aircraft. With enough Growlers and in the mean time the Prowlers being upgraded to ICAP-III, as well as having other more secretive platforms, the US is in pretty good shape. In other countries it really is a task that they either rely to US on to do, or is covered by having a handful of podded systems for the multi-role fighters. Technology ensured that for both Jamming and Detection, air forces can rely on these as opposed to dedicated platforms, and once everything has been integrated, finally gives them a robust EW/SEAD capability.
So, actually the answer is yes and no: yes, Iraq proved the neccessity of EW platforms, no it did not prove the need for these platform to carry out the attack as well. But the latter has already been proven previously.
Entire books have been devoted to these subjects, and a proper reply would maybe take 4-5 pages, but I think I gave an okay answer to your question.
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